睡眠训练对婴幼儿发展无长期不良影响

澳大利亚研究表明，当正确实施时，睡眠训练可以改善婴幼儿和父母的睡眠质量，且不会对婴儿发展或亲子关系造成伤害1。一项追踪328名婴幼儿、历时5年的研究从2003年开始进行1。在婴幼儿10-12个月时，接受干预的组别中，母亲报告睡眠问题显著减少，心理健康状况也得到改善1。

到了5岁时，接受睡眠训练的儿童与未接受训练的对照组在睡眠质量、皮质醇水平、情感行为评分、亲子亲密度、粗暴养育方式和父母心理健康等方面均无显著差异1。睡眠训练适用于6个月及以上的婴幼儿1。研究介绍的两种常见方法分别是检查法和露营法：检查法通常需要3-7个夜晚使婴幼儿学会自我安抚，而露营法则需要10-14个夜晚逐步调整1。

Sleep training can safely improve sleep outcomes for both infants and parents when applied correctly, according to long-term research findings. An Australian longitudinal study tracking 328 infants from 2003 over a five-year period found that at 10 to 12 months of age, mothers in the intervention group reported fewer infant sleep problems and better personal mental health compared to controls 1. However, by age five, both groups showed no significant differences in child sleep quality, cortisol levels, emotional and behavioral scores, parent-child closeness, harsh parenting practices, or parental mental health 1.

Sleep training is appropriate for infants aged six months and older 1. Two commonly used methods include the checking technique, which typically requires three to seven nights for infants to learn self-soothing, and the camping method, which takes ten to fourteen nights and involves gradual adjustment of parental proximity 1. These approaches demonstrate that structured sleep interventions need not compromise infant wellbeing or family relationships when implemented appropriately 1.