PostgreSQL 19 的第三个测试版于 2026 年 8 月 13 日发布,带来了多项重要功能扩展 1。该版本计划在 2026 年 9 月或 10 月推出正式版本 1。
新版本引入了 SQL/PGQ 属性图查询、FOR PORTION OF 时间范围操作、ON CONFLICT DO SELECT 冲突处理等核心功能 1。FOR PORTION OF 功能用于支持时态表操作,而 ON CONFLICT DO SELECT 增强了数据冲突处理的灵活性 1。在表维护方面,REPACK CONCURRENTLY 功能支持并发重组,新增 max_repack_replication_slots 参数,默认值为 5 1。
查询优化方面,PostgreSQL 19 对 NOT IN 子查询进行了改进,当列为 NOT NULL 时将其转换为哈希反连接 1。COPY 命令扩展了功能,现在支持 JSON 格式输出、多行 HEADER 和 ON_ERROR set_null 选项 1。此外,EXPLAIN 命令新增了 IO 选项、Memoize 估计说明和 WAL 字节详细统计功能 1。系统还引入了 pg_stat_autovacuum_scores 视图用于调整自动清理优先级 1。
需要说明的是,REPACK 功能在 2026 年 8 月 27 日被回滚,不会包含在版本 19 中发布 1。
PostgreSQL 19 beta 3 was released on August 13, 2026, bringing several significant enhancements designed to expand the database's query capabilities and improve operational efficiency 1. The stable version is expected to launch in September or October 2026 1.
Among the new features is SQL/PGQ, which enables property graph queries for more complex data relationships 1. The database also introduces FOR PORTION OF syntax for temporal table operations, streamlining time-range manipulations 1. Conflict resolution has been improved with ON CONFLICT DO SELECT, providing more flexible handling of insert and update operations 1. The REPACK CONCURRENTLY function now includes a max_repack_replication_slots setting with a default value of 5, allowing concurrent table reorganization 1.
Query optimization represents another focus area in this release. PostgreSQL 19 converts NOT IN subqueries to Hash Anti Join operations when columns are NOT NULL, improving performance 1. The COPY command gains additional capabilities, including JSON format output, multi-row HEADER support, and an ON_ERROR set_null option for error handling 1. Administrative tools have also been enhanced, with EXPLAIN gaining new IO options and detailed WAL byte statistics, while a new pg_stat_autovacuum_scores view provides visibility into autovacuum priorities 1.
One notable adjustment: the REPACK feature was rolled back on August 27, 2026, and will not be included in version 19 1.
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