奥地利一项禁止14岁以下女生在学校穿戴伊斯兰头巾的法律已正式生效1。该禁令适用于全国所有公立和私立学校，违反规定最高将面临800欧元（约685英镑）的罚款1。保守派联合政府将这一措施定位为维护性别平等和女生权益的举措，但这项政策遭到宗教自由倡导者和奥地利伊斯兰社区的强烈反对。
融合事务部长克劳迪亚·鲍尔称头巾是"压迫的象征和从幼年控制女生的手段"1。批评人士指出该禁令违反宗教自由权，可能存在违反宪法的问题1。奥地利宪法法院曾在2020年以违反宗教中立原则为由推翻过一项小学头巾禁令1。
奥地利伊斯兰社区负责人卡尔拉·阿米娜·巴哈贾蒂表示"坚决反对该禁令"，伊斯兰社区将支持法律诉讼以争取推翻这一禁令1。总理克里斯蒂安·斯托克近期呼吁制定针对"政治伊斯兰"的宪法禁令1。
与之相比，法国已实施20多年的禁令针对所有明显的宗教标志，而奥地利的法律特别针对穆斯林女性头巾1。
Austria's new law prohibiting students under 14 from wearing Islamic headscarves in schools has come into force 1. The legislation applies to all pupils in both public and private educational institutions across the country 1.
The conservative coalition government has framed the ban as a measure to protect gender equality and safeguard girls' rights 1. Integration Minister Claudia Bauer characterized the headscarf as "a symbol of oppression and a means of controlling girls from an early age" 1. Austria's Islamic community, represented by Carla Amina Baghajati, has stated it is "firmly opposed" to the ban and has indicated its intention to pursue legal challenges to overturn the prohibition 1.
Violations of the headscarf ban carry fines of up to €800 (£685) 1. The measure comes despite Austria's constitutional court having struck down a previous primary school headscarf ban in 2020 on grounds that it violated the principle of religious neutrality 1. Austria's approach differs from France, which has enforced a broader ban on all visible religious symbols in schools for over 20 years, whereas Austria's legislation specifically targets Muslim women's headscarves 1. Chancellor Christian Stocker has recently called for constitutional measures to restrict "political Islam" 1.
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