印度尼西亚婆罗洲正面临严重野火危机。自7月初以来，约20万公顷森林和农地被烧毁1，其中包括全球最大的热带泥炭地生态系统。这些泥炭地储存着深达20多米的泥炭沉积，单位面积可储存超过6000吨碳——相当于4800辆汽车的年二氧化碳排放量1。燃烧的泥炭地释放大量温室气体，形成跨越新加坡、马尼拉、吉隆坡等地的烟霾危机1。
数千名志愿消防员冒着生命危险参与扑救，但面临严峻挑战。空气污染在多个地区达到"不健康"极端水平，在某些情况下达到世界卫生组织建议水平的约75倍1。7月至8月间，印度尼西亚卫生部记录超过5万例与陆地和森林火灾相关的呼吸道感染病例，其中超过1.2万例为五岁以下儿童1。两名中加里曼丹的志愿消防员因扑火导致健康恶化而近日身亡1。
志愿消防员迪·苏贾特莫科表示："我们肯定很累，我们会感到疲惫，我们想念我们的家人、我们的孩子、我们的妻子。但现在，我们所有人都把这些放在一边。我们尽一切所能帮助应对这场烟霾灾难，因为这是我们的责任。"1
卡利曼丹地区森林砍伐问题严重，2025年该地区森林砍伐面积达近160,000公顷，占全国总量三分之一以上1，使得火灾防控形势更加复杂。
Borneo in Indonesia is grappling with devastating wildfires that have consumed approximately 200,000 hectares of forest and agricultural land since early July 1. The fires are particularly catastrophic because they have engulfed vast tracts of tropical peatland—one of the world's largest such ecosystems—which stores extraordinary quantities of carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases 1.
Peatland poses an especially dangerous threat: deposits can extend more than 20 meters deep and store over 6,000 tons of carbon per unit area, equivalent to the annual emissions from 4,800 vehicles 1. As these peatlands burn, they release massive volumes of greenhouse gases into the atmosphere, creating a dense haze that has spread across Singapore, Manila, and Kuala Lumpur 1. The air pollution has reached extreme levels, with pollution indices in some areas reaching approximately 75 times the World Health Organization's recommended thresholds 1.
The human toll has been severe. Between July and August, Indonesia's health ministry recorded over 50,000 respiratory infection cases linked to the land and forest fires, with more than 12,000 cases affecting children under five 1. Two volunteer firefighters in Central Kalimantan have died recently from health deterioration caused by fighting the fires 1. The scale of deforestation in Kalimantan in 2025 has reached nearly 160,000 hectares, representing more than one-third of the national total 1.
Thousands of volunteer firefighters have mobilized despite facing critical obstacles, including water shortages and toxic smoke that makes peatland fires extremely difficult to extinguish 1. Volunteer firefighter Di Sudjatmoko expressed the commitment driving their efforts: "We are certainly tired, we feel exhausted, we miss our families, our children, our wives. But now, we have all put these things aside. We are doing everything we can to help address this haze disaster, because it is our responsibility" 1.
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