澳大利亚的土著保护区已发展成为国家生态保护体系的重要组成部分。1截至报道时，澳大利亚共有96个土著保护区，陆地覆盖面积达113万公顷，约占大陆总面积的15%；海洋保护区则覆盖930万公顷。1这些由传统土地所有者自愿建立、由土著护林员管理的保护区，已占澳大利亚国家保护区系统的55%以上。1土著保护区将传统知识与现代保护科学相结合，成为当地生物多样性管理的重要方式。1
澳大利亚政府的保护承诺推动了该体系的发展。12022年，政府承诺到2030年保护30%的土地和水域。1土著保护区的建立历史可追溯至1998年，当时Nantawarrina成为澳大利亚首个土著保护区。12007年起，联邦政府开始提供专项资金支持土著护林员计划，推动了这一网络的扩展。1最近的进展是在2022年7月，Simpson沙漠的470万公顷被指定为Pmere Atherre Antenterreme保护区。1
然而，这些保护区面临严重的资金短缺问题。1土著保护区的平均政府资助仅为每公顷超过1澳元，与国家公园每公顷16至58澳元的经费相比差距悬殊。1这一资金落差直接制约了由土著管理者主导的保护区的有效运作。1
Indigenous Protected Areas (IPAs) have become an integral component of Australia's nature conservation framework, now encompassing 1.13 million hectares of land and 9.3 million hectares of sea, representing over 55% of the nation's protected area system.1 Established voluntarily by traditional land owners and managed by Indigenous rangers, these areas integrate traditional ecological knowledge with contemporary conservation science.1
Australia currently maintains 96 Indigenous Protected Areas across the continent, with terrestrial reserves covering approximately 15% of mainland territory.1 The first such designated area, Nantawarrina, was established in 1998, marking the beginning of this conservation approach.1 A significant expansion occurred following 2007, when the federal government began providing dedicated funding that enabled the Indigenous ranger program to expand substantially.1 The most recent addition came in July 2022, when 4.7 million hectares in the Simpson Desert were designated as Pmere Atherre Antenterreme IPA.1
However, these protected areas face severe funding constraints that undermine their conservation effectiveness. Indigenous Protected Areas receive government support of just over A$1 per hectare, compared with A$16–58 per hectare allocated to national parks.1 This disparity persists despite the 2022 government commitment to protect 30% of land and water by 2030, highlighting the resource gap that continues to challenge the sustainability of Indigenous-led conservation efforts.1
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