特朗普签署行政令移除灰狼濒危物种保护地位

特朗普签署行政令，要求移除灰狼和墨西哥狼的濒危物种保护地位1。该行政令旨在应对创纪录高企的牛肉价格，为牧场主提供保护家畜的便利1。根据行政令，内政部长道格·伯格姆将获得90天的评估期，以判定狼群种群是否已恢复到足以移除濒危物种名单的程度1。

目前，美国野生灰狼约有18000只，墨西哥狼319只，后者自1998年重新引入时仅为4只1。美国家畜群体处于75年来最低水平，过去十年牛肉需求增长了10%1。然而，环保组织对此举表示批评，认为狼群对牧场主的威胁被夸大，美国现有体系已向牧场主提供高达100%的牲畜损失赔偿1。环保人士指出，这一行动可能危害数十年的狼群恢复工作，并表示将对内政部的决定进行法律挑战，如同2022年联邦层面的除名尝试因诉讼而受阻一样1。

President Donald Trump has signed an executive order aimed at removing the endangered species protection status for grey wolves and Mexican wolves 1. The order directs the Secretary of the Interior to conduct a 90-day assessment to determine whether wolf populations have recovered sufficiently to warrant removal from the endangered species list 1.

The administration framed the action as a response to record-high beef prices and to provide relief to ranchers protecting their livestock 1. Currently, approximately 18,000 grey wolves and 319 Mexican wolves exist in the United States, with the latter representing significant recovery from just 4 individuals when reintroduction began in 1998 1. U.S. livestock herds are at their lowest level in 75 years, and beef demand has grown 10 percent over the past decade 1.

Environmental organizations have criticized the order, arguing that threats to ranchers have been exaggerated and that the existing system already provides ranchers with compensation covering up to 100 percent of livestock losses 1. Conservationists warned they will pursue legal challenges similar to those that blocked a federal delisting attempt in 2022 1. Environmental groups contend the action could jeopardize decades of wolf recovery efforts 1.