联合国推广等地球投影，挑战传统麦卡托地图

联合国大会通过"纠正地图"决议，呼吁采用等地球投影替代长期使用的麦卡托地图1。麦卡托地图因其严重的地理失真而备受批评，该地图将非洲大陆显示得与格陵兰相似的大小1，然而实际上非洲面积约是格陵兰的14倍1。

麦卡托地图创建于1569年1，在现代地图制作中仍广泛使用。不同的地图投影各具优劣，无法完美同时保留面积、形状和方向特征1。等地球投影由制图师团队在2018年开发1，先由54个非洲联盟成员国首先采纳，随后被联合国采纳1。此前，德国历史学家阿诺·彼得斯曾在20世纪70年代初设计出彼得斯地图1，试图以更准确的面积比例呈现各大陆。

The United Nations General Assembly has adopted a resolution supporting the use of the Equal Earth projection to replace the widely used Mercator map, which has long distorted the relative sizes of continents and countries.1 The Mercator projection, created in 1569, presents Africa with an area similar to that of Greenland, when in reality Africa is approximately 14 times larger.1 This distortion has prompted international calls for map reform, with the Equal Earth projection—developed by a team of cartographers in 2018—gaining traction as an alternative.1 The shift began when 54 African Union member states first adopted the Equal Earth map before the United Nations followed suit.1

However, no single map projection can simultaneously preserve all geographical properties without compromise. Different projections make trade-offs between maintaining accurate area, shape, and direction, meaning each approach has inherent strengths and limitations. The Peters map, designed by German historian Arno Peters in the early 1970s, represents an earlier attempt to address the size distortions of the Mercator projection.1 As cartographic standards continue to evolve, the adoption of alternative projections reflects growing recognition that traditional maps have systematically misrepresented global geography.