北约防务规划者在慕尼黑安全会议上表示，欧洲目前面临严峻挑战，可能无法维持与俄罗斯的长期消耗战1。防务官员指出，欧洲公众缺乏进行长期战争的意愿，这要求北约防御计划必须聚焦于相对快速的冲突情景1。一位英国前内阁成员坦言，西方在向公众传达俄罗斯混合冲突规模方面表现"很差"1。
俄罗斯正通过多层面的混合战争手段对欧洲形成威胁。意大利防务部长圭多·克罗塞托表示，俄罗斯在社交媒体、人工智能、网络安全和关键基础设施等多个领域进行了持续运作1。意大利外交部长托尼·塔亚尼警告称，意大利每日遭受网络攻击，并可能面临俄罗斯对明年国家选举的潜在干预1。此外，俄罗斯被指控对德国莱比锡机场进行了无人机袭击（8月4日），其中嫌疑人包括持俄罗斯护照的白俄罗斯公民1。
与此同时，乌克兰正加快防御武器的生产能力，当前月产无人机20万架，目标是到2026年生产超过700万架1。
NATO defence planners have expressed serious concerns about Europe's capacity to endure a protracted war of attrition with Russia, citing insufficient public preparedness for sustained conflict.1 Speaking at the Munich Security Conference, defence officials stressed that NATO planning must account for the possibility of relatively swift confrontations rather than lengthy engagements, as European publics may lack the resolve for extended warfare.1
The warnings reflect deeper anxieties about Russia's multifaceted campaign to weaken the continent. A former British cabinet member acknowledged that the West has performed poorly in educating the public about the scale of Russian hybrid warfare.1 Italy's Foreign Minister Tony Tajani cautioned that his country faces daily cyber attacks and cannot be shielded from potential Russian interference in next year's national elections.1 Italy's Defence Minister Guido Crosetto elaborated that Russia operates across multiple domains, including social media, artificial intelligence, cybersecurity, and critical infrastructure.1 Russia has been implicated in a drone attack on Leipzig Airport on August 4, with suspects including a Belarusian citizen holding a Russian passport.1
Separately, Ukraine is ramping up military production to counter Russian operations, currently manufacturing 200,000 drones monthly with ambitions to produce over 7 million units by 2026.1
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