临床心理学家达比·萨克斯比在新书《爸爸脑》中提出，成为父亲会自然降低男性的睾酮水平，且这一变化幅度与养育投入程度密切相关1。基于20年研究和脑扫描数据，萨克斯比发现父亲身份从激素角度深刻改变了男性的生理特征1。
一项针对27对夫妇的研究显示，父亲睾酮在36周时比12周时平均下降约17%1。睾酮水平下降幅度最大的男性报告感到投入和承诺度更高，其伴侣也描述他们更具支持性1。
对20名巴塞罗那首次父亲的脑部扫描揭示，他们在伴侣怀孕后脑皮层灰质体积出现减少1。这种神经结构的改变与养育投入相关联。研究指出，过量睾酮替代疗法可能对整个家庭产生不利影响1。
不同文化背景提供了进一步的证据。在刚果盆地的巴亚卡人中，评分最高的父亲睾酮水平最低；而邻近的班东戈人则呈现相反模式，反映了不同社会对父亲角色的期望存在显著差异1。此外，世界卫生组织曾测试注射睾酮作为男性避孕方法，结果显示271名男性中近三分之二停止产生精子1。
Clinical psychologist Darby Saxbe's new book "Dad Brain" challenges the notion that high testosterone marks a good father, presenting research showing that fatherhood naturally lowers male testosterone levels, with the decline increasing alongside greater parental involvement.1
Saxbe's work, drawing on 20 years of research and brain scans, reveals how fatherhood alters male hormones from a neurological perspective.1 Brain imaging of 20 first-time fathers in Barcelona found their cortical gray matter volume decreased after their partners became pregnant.1 A separate study of 27 couples demonstrated that fathers' testosterone levels dropped approximately 17 percent between week 12 and week 36 of their partners' pregnancies.1 Men who experienced the largest testosterone declines reported feeling more invested and committed, with their partners describing them as more supportive.1
The research carries practical implications for testosterone replacement therapy, as excessive supplementation may negatively affect entire families.1 The World Health Organization previously tested testosterone injections as a male contraceptive method, finding that nearly two-thirds of 271 men stopped producing sperm.1 Cross-cultural evidence further illustrates the relationship between testosterone and fathering styles: among the Bayaka people of the Congo Basin, the highest-rated fathers had the lowest testosterone, while the neighboring Bando people showed the opposite pattern—reflecting different societal expectations of the father's role.1
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