荷兰央行在2025年3月至8月期间将约86吨黄金储备从纽约和渥太华转移至伦敦等地1。这一调整使其在纽约的储备比例从31.3%下降至18.5%，而伦敦的比例则从18.1%上升至32.1%1。同期，法国央行也完成了129吨黄金的类似调整，现已将全部2437吨黄金集中存放在本土1。德国央行曾在2013年至2017年间从美国运回300吨黄金，但目前在纽约仍存放1236吨1。
多国央行的这一举措反映了对全球金融体系的担忧。荷兰央行表示担忧美国可以轻易阻断跨境支付交易1。经济学家万喆指出，这种调整反映了各国对资产主权风险、美债贬值风险以及危机下流动性的考量1。专家认为，多国调整黄金储备布局预示着对美元信用的担忧日益加深，全球储备多元化趋势正在加速1。历史上，20世纪60年代法国的黄金挤兑曾加速了布雷顿森林体系的瓦解，当今类似的黄金转移可能预示美元体系正面临新的信任危机1。
Central banks across Europe are reshuffling their gold reserve holdings, moving significant quantities away from the United States. The Netherlands' central bank transferred approximately 86 tons of gold from New York and Ottawa to London between March and August 2025, reducing its New York holdings from 31.3 percent to 18.5 percent of total reserves while increasing its London share from 18.1 percent to 32.1 percent 1. France's central bank completed a similar adjustment of 129 tons and has now consolidated all 2,437 tons of its gold reserves domestically 1.
Dutch central bank officials expressed concern that the United States could easily block cross-border payment transactions, prompting the strategic repositioning of assets 1. Germany's central bank had already begun this trend, repatriating 300 tons of gold between 2013 and 2017, though it still maintains 1,236 tons in New York 1.
Economist Wan Zhe characterized these moves as responses to asset sovereignty risk, the devaluation risk of U.S. Treasury securities, and liquidity concerns during financial crises 1. Analysts have noted historical parallels to the 1960s, when France's gold demands accelerated the collapse of the Bretton Woods system, suggesting that the current reallocation reflects growing concerns about the stability of the dollar-based financial system 1.
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