美国一名66岁患者蒂姆·安德鲁斯于2025年1月接受了经基因修饰猪肾的移植手术，该器官在其体内持续运作271天，创造了异种移植肾脏存活时间的历史新纪录1。这枚来自经过69个基因组修饰的尤卡坦小型猪的肾脏，在约六个月后因血管受损而逐渐衰竭，于10月被移除1。移植后，安德鲁斯接受了人类捐献肾脏的替代移植，目前运作良好1。
这项突破对缓解全球器官短缺具有重要意义。美国约有100,000人在等待肾脏移植，但每年仅进行25,000例移植1；英国的肾脏移植等待名单上则有超过7,000人1。安德鲁斯最初被告知需要等待七年才能获得人类捐献肾脏，但透析患者的平均存活期仅为五年1。在获得人类捐献肾脏前，他需要进行82天的透析1。麻省总医院异种移植团队的莱昂纳多·里埃拉医生表示："器官供应短缺意味着我们处于危机状态"1。该研究已发表在《柳叶刀》医学期刊1。
A 66-year-old American man named Tim Andrews has set a new record for xenotransplant kidney survival, with a genetically modified pig kidney functioning in his body for 271 days 1. The transplant was performed on January 25, 2025, at Massachusetts General Hospital using a kidney from a Yucatan miniature pig that had undergone 69 genetic modifications 1. After approximately six months, the pig kidney's blood vessels began to deteriorate, leading to organ failure; the kidney was removed in October and replaced with a human donor kidney, which is currently functioning well 1.
The successful extended survival represents a significant milestone in addressing a critical shortage of organs for transplantation 1. In the United States, approximately 100,000 people are waiting for kidney transplants, yet only about 25,000 transplants are performed annually 1. Andrews had been told he would need to wait seven years to receive a human donor kidney, despite dialysis patients having an average survival expectancy of only five years 1. He required 82 days of dialysis before receiving the human transplant 1. Dr. Leonardo Rivera of the transplant team stated that "organ supply shortage means we are in a state of crisis" 1. The research findings were published in The Lancet medical journal 1.
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