印度尼西亚苏门答腊和加里曼丹地区自7月中旬起持续发生野火，产生的有毒烟雾正蔓延至马来西亚、新加坡和菲律宾等东南亚地区1。超级厄尔尼诺现象加剧了干旱条件，导致污染水平在某些地区超过世界卫生组织建议标准的15倍以上1。印尼卫生部在7月至8月期间记录了超过5万例与火灾相关的呼吸道感染病例，其中超过1.2万例为5岁以下儿童1。
专家警告，今年的厄尔尼诺现象可能导致近1100万公顷区域被烧毁，相当于1997-1998年印尼最严重野火季节的规模1。相比之下，在没有厄尔尼诺条件的去年，印尼森林火灾仅烧毁359,000公顷面积1。印尼林业部长Raja Juli Antoni表示："9月是厄尔尼诺的高峰期，9月是我们的主要战役"1。泥炭地专家Nisa Novita指出，泥炭地在被排水或燃烧时会成为"碳炸弹"1。
Wildfires burning across Indonesia's Sumatra and Kalimantan regions since mid-July are releasing toxic smoke that has spread to Malaysia, Singapore, and the Philippines 1. The 'super' El Niño phenomenon has intensified drought conditions in the region, with pollution levels in some areas exceeding World Health Organization recommended guidelines by more than 15 times 1.
The health toll has been significant. Indonesia's health ministry recorded more than 50,000 respiratory infection cases related to the fires between July and August, with over 12,000 of these affecting children under five years old 1. Experts warn that this year's El Niño could result in nearly 11 million hectares of burned territory, a scale comparable to Indonesia's most severe fire season in 1997-1998 1. By contrast, last year without El Niño conditions, Indonesian forest fires destroyed 359,000 hectares 1.
Indonesia's forestry minister Raja Juli Antoni emphasized the critical period ahead, stating that "September is the peak of El Niño, September is our main battle" 1. Peatland expert Nisa Novita has warned that when peatlands are drained or burned, they become "carbon bombs," underscoring the environmental stakes of the current crisis 1.
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