几内亚比绍公投通过宪法改革，扩大总统权力

几内亚比绍于2026年9月2日举行公投，以70%的支持率通过了一项宪法改革方案，投票率超过50% 1。根据这项改革，总统将获得任免总理和政府部长的权力，同时议会席位将从102个削减至65个 1。此次公投成为2025年11月军事政变后的重要政治测试，距离定于12月6日的总统和议会选举还有三个月 1。

反对派对公投的合法性提出质疑。反对党领导人多明戈斯·西蒙斯·佩雷拉表示，"由军方建立的机构没有民主授权来改写几内亚比绍的宪法" 1。人权组织负责人布巴卡尔·图雷指出，宪法草案将导致"总统个人权力的过度集中"，并批评改革过程中"没有人被咨询，既没有政党、民间社会组织，也没有传统或宗教权威" 1。

Guinea-Bissau held a constitutional referendum on September 2, 2026, approving sweeping reforms with 70 percent voter support 1. The ballot measure, passed with a turnout exceeding 50 percent, grants the president authority to appoint and dismiss the prime minister and government ministers, while reducing the national assembly from 102 seats to 65 1. The vote takes place three months ahead of scheduled presidential and parliamentary elections set for December 6, 2026 1.

The referendum follows a military coup in November 2025 and has drawn sharp criticism from opposition figures and civil society 1. Opposition leader Domingos Simões Pereira challenged the vote's legitimacy, stating that "institutions established by the military have no democratic mandate to rewrite Guinea-Bissau's constitution" 1. Bubacar Toure, a human rights official, contended that the constitutional draft will result in "excessive concentration of personal power in the presidency" and warned that "no one was consulted—neither political parties, civil society organizations, nor traditional or religious authorities" 1.