几内亚比绍公投通过新宪法 大幅扩展总统权力

几内亚比绍举行公投，以70%的支持率批准了一部显著扩大总统权力的新宪法1。此次投票投票率约为60%，反对票占30%1。这份由去年11月通过政变上台的军事政府推行的新宪法，赋予总统任免总理和内阁成员、创建或撤销部门以及在重大政治危机时解散议会的权力1。

新宪法同时保留了五年的总统任期制和两届任期限制1。议会席位将从102个减少至65个，选举区从29个减至12个1。新宪法还新增了总统候选人的资格要求，要求其必须在选举前5年内持续居住在几内亚比绍1。

主要反对党非洲独立党(PAIGC)领导人多明戈斯·西蒙斯·佩雷拉指责这一改革是破坏民主的举措，该党并抵制了此次投票1。定于12月举行的总统和议会选举将在这一新宪法框架下进行1。

Guinea-Bissau has ratified a new constitution that significantly enhances the powers of the presidency, with 70 percent of voters supporting the measure and approximately 60 percent voter turnout, according to results from the referendum1. The remaining 30 percent voted against the constitutional changes1.

The revised constitution, championed by the military government that took power following a disputed presidential election in November 2025, grants the president authority to appoint and dismiss the prime minister, form or dissolve cabinet positions, and dissolve parliament during major political crises1. The reforms preserve the five-year presidential term limit and the restriction to two consecutive terms1. The number of parliamentary seats will be reduced from 102 to 65, and electoral districts will decrease from 29 to 121. A new eligibility requirement mandates that presidential candidates must have continuously resided in Guinea-Bissau for the five years preceding the election1.

The opposition PAIGC party, led by Domingos Simões Pereira, boycotted the vote and condemned the changes as threats to democratic governance1. Presidential and parliamentary elections are scheduled to take place in December1.