美国面临着长期存在的军民脱节问题。1自1973年结束征兵制、转为全志愿兵制以来，1仅约两百万人在现役或国民警卫队和预备役中服役，仅占美国2.3亿成人人口的极小比例。1这一转变源于越南战争的激烈公众反对。1
军事服役逐渐集中在特定家庭和地区，加剧了这种脱节。1陆军超过75%的新兵来自有服役亲属的家庭，而2025财年约一半的陆军新兵来自仅七个州。1与第二次世界大战时期形成鲜明对比——那时几乎每个美国家庭都有人服过兵役；如今情况已大不相同。1这导致大多数公众对军人和退役军人的生活经历缺乏理解，并产生刻板印象。1
退役军人的切身经历反映了这一现象的真实代价。退役军人Qwynn Galloway-Salazar表示，作为黑人女性退役者在求职时遭遇刻板印象，面试官"不知道怎么处理我"。1学术界人士指出问题的深层根源。弗吉尼亚理工大学历史学助理教授Jason Higgins表示，军事行动的风险和代价仅由"小群体的美国家族直接经历"。1杜克大学政治学教授Peter Feaver指出，自建国初期美国就在"需要军事力量保护自身与不让军事力量威胁共和制"之间摇摆。1专家和军人家属呼吁通过增进联系和相互理解来弥合这一鸿沟。1
The United States faces a persistent divide between its civilian population and those who serve in the military, a gap that has widened significantly since the country transitioned to an all-volunteer force in 1973.1 Approximately 2 million Americans currently serve on active duty or in the National Guard and Reserve components, representing only a small fraction of the nation's 230 million adults.1 This stands in stark contrast to World War II, when military service was nearly universal across American households.1
The concentration of military service has become increasingly narrow. More than 75 percent of new Army recruits come from families with prior military connections, and in fiscal year 2025, roughly half of Army recruits hailed from just seven states.1 This geographic and familial clustering has created a situation where the risks and costs of military action are "directly experienced by only a small group of American families," according to Jason Higgins, an assistant professor of history at Virginia Tech.1 The end of the draft, driven partly by intense public opposition to the Vietnam War, fundamentally altered the relationship between military service and civilian society.1
This disconnect has real consequences for those who serve and for public understanding of military experience. Qwynn Galloway-Salazar, a Black female veteran, described encountering stereotypes during job interviews with hiring managers who "didn't know how to handle me."1 Peter Feaver, a political science professor at Duke University, notes that the United States has historically "swung between needing military force to protect itself and worrying that military force might threaten the republic."1 Experts and military families are calling for increased connection and mutual understanding to bridge this growing divide between the armed forces and the broader American public.1
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