儿童图书中语言的使用方式既反映了社会对不同语言的态度,也能够推动这些态度的改变。1以新西兰为例,毛利语在商业儿童出版物中的地位经历了显著转变,从被边缘化到逐步获得平等甚至优先的呈现位置,成为语言复兴进程的重要见证。1
这一变化在具体出版实践中清晰可见。1973年出版的《与祖母捕小龙虾》率先尝试在英文下方使用等大小的毛利文本,打破了传统的语言等级制度。11981年,企鹅出版社首次同步推出毛利文和英文版本的商业图书《Te Kuia me te Pūngāwerewere》,标志着主流出版商开始认可两种语言的并存价值。1到了2015年,《Kanohi My Face》更进一步,将毛利语文本用更大更粗的字体呈现,英语则排在后面,体现了毛利语地位的明显提升。12022年,毛利人自有出版商Huia出版了《Kua Whetūrangitia a Koro》,进一步推进了毛利语出版的自主性。1
当代新西兰儿童图书还在词汇处理上展现了新的态度——大量使用毛利词汇和短语而不附加词汇表,表明出版商已认可许多读者具备部分毛利语知识。1这些变化共同反映了新西兰社会对毛利语认识的深化,而出版业通过调整语言呈现方式,也正在为毛利语的持续复兴提供有力支撑。1
Research into New Zealand's commercial children's literature demonstrates how picture books both reflect and can actively shape societal attitudes toward languages, particularly in supporting linguistic revitalisation efforts 1. Analysis of Māori language representation across decades reveals a dramatic shift in status within these publications, marking the broader resurgence of te reo Māori in public life.
When Catching Crayfish with Grandmother was published in 1973, Māori was not yet an official language, yet the book innovatively presented Māori text in equal-sized font beneath the English version 1. A breakthrough came in 1981 when Te Kuia me te Pūngāwerewere and its English-language counterpart were simultaneously released by mainstream publisher Penguin—marking the first time a major commercial publisher issued Māori and English versions in tandem 1. The progression continued with Kanohi My Face in 2015, which reversed the visual hierarchy by displaying Māori text in larger, bolder typeface while relegating English to a secondary position 1. By 2022, books like Kua Whetūrangitia a Koro began appearing through Māori-owned publishers such as Huia 1.
Contemporary New Zealand children's books now routinely incorporate Māori vocabulary and phrases without supplementary glossaries, reflecting an assumption that many readers already possess basic knowledge of the language 1. This evolution in publishing practices—from subordinated translation to co-equal or primary status—illustrates how children's literature can simultaneously document and advance the cultural and linguistic transformations occurring within society.
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