德国马克斯普朗克聚合物研究所的最新研究表明，雨滴对汽车及其他物体造成腐蚀的原因远比人们认知的复杂1。传统观点认为水中的盐分和酸性物质是主要腐蚀因素，但该研究团队由Zhongyuan Ni、Rüdiger Berger和Hans-Jürgen Butt领导，发现了一个被长期忽视的机制1。研究发现，雨滴在滑动时可携带高达9000伏的静电荷，这种"滑动起电"现象使得雨滴能够像微型闪电一样电击穿透保护性绝缘涂层1。
目前广泛使用的防腐涂料、聚合物膜和氧化层都是基于传统的腐蚀理论设计的，未曾考虑到静电因素的影响1。"滑动起电"现象在过去几年才被正确量化，这意味着现有的防护技术可能需要根据新的科学认知进行重新评估1。
Researchers at the Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research in Mainz, Germany have discovered that rainwater damages vehicles through a previously underestimated mechanism: static electricity.1 Raindrops carry electrical charges reaching up to 9,000 volts, which can penetrate protective coatings and trigger corrosion on metal surfaces beneath.1 This phenomenon, known as "frictional charging," occurs when water droplets slide across smooth surfaces and strip away electrical charge during the process.1
The research team, led by Zhongyuan Ni, Rüdiger Berger, and Hans-Jürgen Butt, found that current anti-corrosion coatings, polymer films, and oxide layers were designed based on conventional understanding of weathering that did not account for electrostatic forces.1 The quantification of frictional charging has only recently become accurate over the past few years, revealing a gap in how protective materials are engineered.1
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