美伊战争开始六个月以来，围绕可能的战争罪行问责问题引发关注。1特朗普政府声称美国不受国际法约束，这违反了《联合国宪章》第2条关于禁止使用武力的规定。1防卫部长Pete Hegseth公开表示美国有权"不受法律约束"地进行战争，并称对敌人将"毫不留情、毫无怜悯"。1
战争期间发生了多起涉及民用设施的事件。米纳卜女生小学在战争开始当天遭到轰炸，造成至少156人死亡，其中包括120名儿童。1美国初步评估发现美军"可能"参与了该轰炸事件，原因是使用了"过时的目标信息"。1此外，6月份，两个水储库遭到摧毁，这些设施原本为2万名平民提供饮用水。1
然而，问责机制面临实质性障碍。美国和伊朗均未进行充分的事件调查，且两国都不是国际刑事法院成员国，因此国际刑事法院对此次战争没有管辖权。1特朗普政府还对国际刑事法院官员实施了制裁。1
The US-Iran war, which began six months ago, has raised serious questions about potential war crimes and the prospects for international accountability 1. Among the most significant incidents was the bombing of Minab Girls School on the conflict's opening day, which killed at least 156 people, including 120 children 1. A preliminary US military assessment concluded that American forces were "possibly" involved in the school attack, attributing it to "outdated target information" 1.
The conflict has also inflicted damage on civilian infrastructure. In June, two water reservoirs were destroyed, facilities that supplied drinking water to 20,000 civilians 1. Despite these incidents, neither the United States nor Iran has conducted sufficient investigations into the events 1. The Trump administration has claimed that the United States is not bound by international law, contradicting Article 2 of the UN Charter, which prohibits the use of force 1. Defense Secretary Pete Hegseth has stated that America has the right to wage war "unbound by law," describing rules of engagement as "stupid rules" and pledging to be "merciless and without compassion" toward adversaries 1.
The International Criminal Court lacks jurisdiction over the conflict since neither the United States nor Iran is a member state 1. Additionally, the Trump administration has imposed sanctions on ICC officials 1. With no functioning mechanism for international oversight and both parties unwilling to conduct independent inquiries, the question of accountability for potential war crimes remains unresolved.
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