美国与伊朗围绕霍尔木兹海峡的控制权发生对峙。美国总统特朗普宣布重新对伊朗实施封锁，并自称为"霍尔木兹海峡的守护者"[1]。美国表示将向通过该海峡的货物征收20%的费用，以覆盖安全成本[1]。
伊朗革命卫队则宣称对该海峡拥有控制权，指责美国非法干涉[1]。伊朗要求船只向新成立的"波斯湾海峡管理局"注册并接受审查，且必须沿靠近其海岸线的路线通行[1]。
这一局势对海峡运输造成严重冲击。根据海事数据机构Kpler的统计，从周五至周一间海峡通行量下降约52%，其中周日仅有14艘船通过，远低于战前日均约130艘的水平[1]。
国际法专家对双方的收费要求提出质疑。虽然各国可对特定服务收费，但费用应与实际提供的服务相称[1]。伊朗曾提出的每船200万美元收费被认为过高[1]。
President Trump has announced a renewed blockade against Iran and declared the United States as "the guardian of the Strait of Hormuz," asserting American control over the critical waterway.[1] The administration plans to impose a 20 percent fee on cargo passing through the strait to cover security costs.[1]
Iran's Revolutionary Guards have countered by claiming control over the passage and accusing the United States of illegal interference in the region.[1] Tehran has demanded that vessels register with a newly established "Strait of Hormuz Administration Authority" and submit to inspections, requiring ships to use routes near Iran's coastline.[1]
The dispute has already impacted maritime traffic significantly. According to data from maritime analytics firm Kpler, transit through the strait declined approximately 52 percent between Friday and Monday, with only 14 vessels passing on Sunday compared to a pre-conflict daily average of roughly 130 ships.[1]
International law experts have raised concerns about the legality of imposing fees for passage. While countries may charge for specific services provided, such fees must correspond to the actual services rendered.[1] Iran's previous proposal of a $2 million charge per vessel was deemed excessive by legal scholars.[1]