乌克兰无人机袭击致俄炼油能力受损，俄紧急从多国进口燃料

乌克兰对俄罗斯炼油厂发动的持续无人机袭击已严重削弱其炼油能力，引发国内燃料短缺和加油站配给 1。今年8月，乌克兰对俄罗斯炼油厂发动18次袭击，与上月持平，导致Orsk炼油厂在新一波乌克兰袭击中被完全关闭 1。在乌克兰发动袭击前，俄罗斯的炼油产出已下降28% 1。

为弥补国内供应缺口，俄罗斯被迫从土耳其、印度、埃及、哈萨克斯坦和白俄罗斯等多国紧急进口汽油和原油加工产品 1。本周，俄罗斯首次从土耳其购买20万桶汽油，通过受制裁油轮“Wendrix”号从梅尔辛运往波罗的海港口普里莫尔斯克 1。今夏，俄罗斯已通过埃及从印度Vadinar炼油厂进口总计100万桶汽油 1。此外，俄罗斯与哈萨克斯坦西部Kondensat炼油厂签署协议，将俄罗斯原油运往该国加工，70%的成品油将运回俄罗斯 1。同时，俄罗斯6月从白俄罗斯进口的燃料同比增长141倍 1。面对国内燃料短缺，至少六个俄罗斯地区已恢复或收紧汽油销售限制 1。

Ongoing Ukrainian drone attacks on Russian oil refineries have severely damaged the country's refining capacity, triggering domestic fuel shortages and gas station rationing 1. In response to the crisis, at least six Russian regions have reinstated or tightened restrictions on gasoline sales 1. The damage comes on top of a 28% decline in Russian refining output that occurred even before the drone strikes began 1. In August alone, Ukraine launched 18 attacks on Russian refineries, matching the previous month's tally 1. The latest wave of strikes has also forced the complete closure of the Orsk refinery 1.

To bridge the widening domestic supply gap, Russia has been forced to urgently import gasoline and arrange for crude oil processing from multiple countries, including Turkey, India, Egypt, Kazakhstan, and Belarus 1. This week, Russia made its first-ever purchase of 200,000 barrels of gasoline from Turkey, which is being transported from Mersin to the Baltic port of Primorsk aboard the sanctioned oil tanker Wendrix 1. Over the summer, Russia also imported a total of 1 million barrels of gasoline from India's Vadinar refinery via Egypt 1. Furthermore, Moscow has signed an agreement with the Kondensat refinery in western Kazakhstan to send Russian crude there for processing, with 70% of the refined products to be shipped back to Russia 1. Additionally, fuel imports from Belarus surged 141-fold year-on-year in June 1.