猴痘（Mpox）疫情近期在包括几内亚比绍在内的新国家出现，儿童感染比例较高引发关注 1。在几内亚比绍报告的46例疑似病例中，23例为15岁以下儿童，其中多数不满4岁 1。世界卫生组织于2024年8月14日宣布该疫情为国际关注的突发公共卫生事件，该紧急状态已于2025年9月解除 1。此外，2022年全球猴痘疫情约有9万例感染 1。
当前全球疫苗供应不均仍是主要挑战，新的全球疫苗储备将在数周内启动以加速应对 1。在药物治疗方面，抗病毒药物tecovirimat在刚果民主共和国针对I型（clade I）患者进行的测试中，未显示优于安慰剂的效果 1。
The mpox outbreak has emerged in new countries, including Guinea-Bissau, where a high proportion of infections among children has raised concerns 1. In Guinea-Bissau, 23 of the 46 suspected cases involve children under 15 years old, with the majority being under four years old 1. The World Health Organization declared the mpox outbreak a public health emergency of international concern on August 14, 2024, a status that was lifted in September 2025 1. The previous global outbreak in 2022 resulted in approximately 90,000 infections 1.
In the Democratic Republic of the Congo, tests of the antiviral drug tecovirimat on patients infected with the clade I strain showed no advantage over a placebo 1. Unequal global vaccine supply remains a major challenge 1. A new global vaccine stockpile will be launched in the coming weeks to accelerate the response 1.
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