罗兴亚难民遣返受阻，孟加拉国难民营面临多重危机

缅甸军政府支持的当局于2026年8月24日再次讨论从孟加拉国遣返罗兴亚难民事宜1。在孟加拉国提交的82万罗兴亚难民名单中，缅甸核实了约30.8万人为前居民，但以若开邦安全条件未改善为由暂缓遣返1。分析人士指出，缅甸内战持续、军方不再控制若开邦大部分地区且罗兴亚人被剥夺公民身份，大规模安全遣返比2017年以来更加遥不可及1。目前，若开军控制若开邦大部分地区，包括罗兴亚人逃离的北部地区1。

2017年8月，缅甸军方在若开邦北部发动大规模行动后，超过75万罗兴亚人逃往孟加拉国1。孟加拉国目前收容约120万罗兴亚难民，主要集中在科克斯巴扎尔地区1。然而，难民营面临资金短缺、粮食不安全、安全恶化等问题，难民被迫采取更危险的生存策略1。联合国和世界粮食计划署报告难民营普遍存在粮食不安全，联合国儿童基金会报告罗兴亚儿童严重急性营养不良入院人数同比上升27%1。

在国际法律层面，2022年美国认定缅甸军方对罗兴亚人实施了种族灭绝和反人类罪，冈比亚在荷兰海牙国际法院对缅甸提起的种族灭绝案仍在审理中1。联合国和孟加拉国表示2026年需要7.1亿美元（6.08亿欧元）用于最紧急的难民和收容社区需求，目前约60%已获资金1。此外，欧盟今年为孟加拉国分配了2340万欧元人道主义资金，并于6月通过联合国难民署宣布1400万欧元发展赠款1。

As of August 24, 2026, the Myanmar military-backed authorities have once again discussed the repatriation of Rohingya refugees from camps in Bangladesh, stating that they have verified the identities of approximately 308,000 individuals as former residents out of an 820,000-person list submitted by Bangladesh 1. However, the repatriation process has been postponed due to the lack of improved security conditions in Rakhine State 1. Analysts point out that a large-scale, safe return is now more out of reach than it has been since 2017, as the civil war in Myanmar continues, the military no longer controls most of Rakhine State, and the Rohingya have been stripped of their citizenship 1. The Arakan Army currently controls most of Rakhine State, including the northern areas from which the Rohingya fled 1.

The current crisis stems from a massive military operation launched by the Myanmar armed forces in northern Rakhine State in August 2017, which forced over 750,000 Rohingya to flee to Bangladesh 1. Today, Bangladesh is hosting approximately 1.2 million Rohingya refugees, primarily concentrated in the Cox's Bazar region 1. On the international legal front, the United States determined in 2022 that the Myanmar military committed genocide and crimes against humanity against the Rohingya 1. Meanwhile, a genocide case brought by The Gambia against Myanmar at the International Court of Justice in The Hague remains ongoing 1.

Life in the refugee camps has deteriorated, with the camps facing funding shortages, food insecurity, and worsening security, forcing refugees to adopt more dangerous survival strategies 1. The United Nations and the World Food Programme have reported widespread food insecurity in the camps, while the UN Children's Fund noted a 27% year-on-year increase in admissions for severe acute malnutrition among Rohingya children 1. To address these urgent needs, the UN and Bangladesh stated that $710 million (608 million euros) is required for 2026 to support the most critical needs of refugees and host communities, with about 60% of this funding currently secured 1. In response to the crisis, the European Union allocated 23.4 million euros in humanitarian funding for Bangladesh this year and announced a 14 million euro development grant through the UN Refugee Agency in June 1.