美国宣布新一轮对伊制裁以打击其影子经济

美国财政部长斯科特·贝森特于8月24日宣布对伊朗实施新一轮制裁，重点打击数字资产、技术、黄金、航空和航运等五大经济命脉1。此次制裁针对约60个个人、实体和船只，但未触及主要中国银行1。贝森特警告称：“任何为伊朗洗钱提供便利的实体都将被移出美元金融体系”1。

在制裁压力下，伊朗石油出口大幅下滑，国内通胀严重，企业面临经营困难，其影子经济可能进一步扩大1。数据显示，伊朗对华石油出口从7月的82.3万桶/日降至8月的约53.4万桶/日，远低于此前约158万桶/日的峰值1。此外，伊朗7月食品价格同比上涨约128%，一家贸易公司在过去六个月内裁员超过70%1。评论人士Alireza Salavati指出，新制裁的主要效果可能体现在心理层面，从而加剧市场的通胀预期1。

U.S. Treasury Secretary Scott Bessent announced a new round of sanctions against Iran on August 24, 2026, targeting the country's shadow economy network 1. The measures focus on five vital economic sectors: digital assets, technology, gold, aviation, and shipping 1. The sanctions apply to approximately 60 individuals, entities, and vessels, but do not target major Chinese banks 1. Bessent warned, "Any entity facilitating money laundering for Iran will be removed from the US dollar financial system" 1.

Iran's oil exports to China have experienced a sharp decline 1. Shipments fell from a peak of about 1.58 million barrels per day to 823,000 barrels per day in July, and further dropped to roughly 534,000 barrels per day in August 1. In Iran, food prices surged by approximately 128% year-on-year in July, and one Iranian trading company has cut its workforce by more than 70% over the past six months 1. Commentator Alireza Salavati noted that the main effect of the new sanctions could be psychological, primarily by exacerbating inflation expectations 1.