酵母β-葡聚糖补充剂可增强抗癌免疫反应

爱尔兰三一学院都柏林大学的研究人员发现，酵母β-葡聚糖补充剂能够通过重新编程骨髓中的早期免疫细胞，增强小鼠对结肠直肠癌、皮肤癌和乳腺癌的抗肿瘤免疫反应 1。这项刊登于《细胞报告》期刊的研究由Frederick Sheedy和Helen Roche担任通讯作者 1。

研究团队向小鼠投喂标准饮食或高脂饮食，并添加酵母β-葡聚糖补充剂持续4至12周，随后对其进行结肠直肠癌、皮肤癌和乳腺癌细胞挑战 1。该研究首次证明通过饮食途径传递酵母β-葡聚糖足以诱导通过骨髓干细胞重编程的免疫训练，相比之前需要采用注射方式具有重要突破 1。补充剂还可逆转肥胖引起的免疫缺陷，即使在体重减轻后仍能维持保护作用 1。

商业化的食品级酵母β-葡聚糖补充剂已可获得，其中包括来自Kerry Group的WellmuneTM产品 1。该补充剂具有强大的安全记录，可能有助于推动针对肥胖、慢性感染和其他免疫功能低下人群的临床干预研究 1。

Researchers at Trinity College Dublin have discovered that a yeast beta-glucan supplement can enhance the body's anti-tumor immune response against colorectal cancer, skin cancer, and breast cancer by reprogramming early immune cells in the bone marrow 1. The finding, published in Cell Reports with Frederick Sheedy and Helen Roche as corresponding authors, marks the first time that dietary administration of yeast beta-glucan has been shown to induce immune training through bone marrow stem cell reprogramming, whereas previous research required injection 1.

In the study, mice fed either standard or high-fat diets supplemented with yeast beta-glucan for 4 to 12 weeks were subsequently challenged with colorectal cancer, skin cancer, and breast cancer cells 1. The supplement not only enhanced anti-tumor immunity but also reversed immune deficiencies caused by obesity, with protective effects persisting even after weight loss 1. Yeast beta-glucan is already commercially available as a food-grade nutritional supplement under the brand name Wellmune, produced by Kerry Group 1, and has a strong safety record 1. Researchers suggest the supplement may support clinical intervention studies in populations with obesity, chronic infections, and other immune-compromised conditions 1.