随着气候变化加速格陵兰东部海冰消融，大型鲸鱼物种正在进入历史上无法到达的沿海水域。一项长期研究通过船舶调查、航拍测量和卫星追踪技术发现，2024年约有4000头座头鲸、6000头长须鲸和6000头小须鲸在格陵兰海进行夏季觅食1。这些鲸鱼预计在单个觅食季节将消耗至少80万吨鱼类和磷虾1。
座头鲸的出现尤为显著。在2006年之前，东格陵兰海岸上没有座头鲸的记录，2007年首次记录到7头，到2024年已有150次目击记录1。研究主任Mads Peter Heide-Jørgensen表示，这是"北极亚寒带最激进的变化"1，代表了该地区最根本的生态系统转变。该研究已发表在《前沿海洋科学》期刊1。
Large whale populations are increasingly inhabiting coastal waters off eastern Greenland that were historically inaccessible, driven by climate-driven sea ice loss in the region.1 A decades-long research initiative employing ship surveys, aerial measurements, and satellite tracking documented approximately 4,000 humpback whales, 6,000 fin whales, and 6,000 minke whales visiting Greenland waters for summer feeding in 2024.1 These three species are estimated to consume at least 800,000 tons of fish and krill during a single summer feeding season.1
The arrival of these whales represents a dramatic shift in Arctic ecosystems. Before 2006, no humpback whales had been recorded along the eastern Greenland coast; by 2007, researchers documented 7 individuals, and sightings had grown to 150 separate records by 2024.1 According to Mads Peter Heide-Jørgensen, the study's lead researcher, this constitutes "the most radical change in the Arctic subarctic."1 The findings, published in the journal Frontiers in Marine Science, underscore the profound ecological transformation occurring in the region.1
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