美国禁止进口外国人形机器人，以国家安全为由针对中国

美国联邦通信委员会宣布禁止进口外国制造的人形机器人、四足机器人及电源逆变器1。这一决定针对中国，后者目前控制全球约85%的人形机器人市场份额1。美国政府称此举是为了保护美国关键供应链，应对供应链漏洞和网络安全风险1。

市场数据显示中国在机器人领域的主导地位。2025年全球约15000台人形机器人中，中国的Unitree和AGIBOT各运出超过5000台，而美国Tesla和Figure AI各运出仅数百台或更少1。摩根士丹利预测中国人形机器人市场到2030年可能达到150亿美元1。值得注意的是，Nvidia今年6月推出的人形机器人参考设计采用了中国机器人制造商Unitree的机器人底盘1。

中国外交部对禁令提出反对。发言人毛宁表示，中方"坚决反对美方泛化国家安全概念，打压中国企业"2，并指出"保护主义提升不了美国的竞争力，只会损害美国企业和消费者"2。美国市面销售的大多数人形机器人在海外生产，尤其是在中国2。这一决定可能在特朗普与习近平计划于9月举行的峰会前加剧双边关系紧张1。

The Trump administration has announced a ban on imports of foreign-manufactured humanoid robots, four-legged robots, and power inverters, citing supply chain vulnerabilities and cybersecurity risks.12 The restriction targets China, which currently dominates approximately 85% of the global humanoid robot market.1

FCC Chair Brendan Carr framed the measure as essential to "protect American critical supply chains."1 The ban comes as the United States has undertaken multiple actions to limit Chinese technology imports. Among the approximately 15,000 humanoid robots deployed globally in 2025, Chinese manufacturers Unitree and AGIBOT each shipped more than 5,000 units, while American companies Tesla and Figure AI each shipped only hundreds or fewer.1 Morgan Stanley projects the Chinese humanoid robot market could reach $15 billion by 2030.1

China's Foreign Ministry spokesperson Mao Ning opposed the measure, characterizing it as an overly broad application of national security rationales.2 "China has consistently firmly opposed the US side's generalization of national security concepts to suppress Chinese enterprises," Mao stated.2 She further contended that protectionism would not enhance American competitiveness but would instead harm American businesses and consumers.2

The ban may intensify bilateral tensions ahead of a planned summit between Trump and Chinese leader Xi Jinping scheduled for September.1