印度尼西亚计划从8月1日起关闭343个开放式倾倒点，将垃圾处理系统转变为更受控的模式，以减少甲烷排放[1]。这项改革将深刻影响该国约60万名垃圾拾荒者的生计[1]。
作为此次改革的重点，位于雅加达的Bantargebang垃圾填埋场覆盖约110公顷，日均接收约7500吨垃圾，其中注册拾荒者超过4000人[1]。该填埋场在2025年被列为全球第二大甲烷排放源[1]。2024年3月，该填埋场因暴雨坍塌事故造成7人死亡[1]。
根据政府估计，覆盖其余处置区域的成本约为200亿印尼盾（1200万美元）[1]。目前，印度尼西亚每日垃圾中仅有约四分之一由正规系统处理[1]。据分析，雅加达每日垃圾中约50%可堆肥，另外30%可回收，这意味着最多80%的垃圾可以不进入填埋场[1]。尽管这项改革旨在改善环保健康与减少污染，但仍面临公众教育不足和基础设施不完善的挑战。
Indonesia plans to shut down 343 open dumpsites beginning August 1, transitioning the country's waste management system toward more controlled facilities designed to reduce methane emissions.[1] The Bantargebang landfill, which spans approximately 110 hectares and receives roughly 7,500 tons of garbage daily, was ranked as the world's second-largest source of methane emissions from landfills in 2025.[1] The overhaul will affect the livelihoods of approximately 600,000 waste pickers across the country, with more than 4,000 registered scavengers working at the Bantargebang site alone.[1]
The government initiative aims to improve environmental health and reduce pollution by replacing open disposal areas with more regulated systems.[1] Indonesia currently processes only about one-quarter of its daily waste through formal systems, while in Jakarta alone, roughly 50 percent of daily garbage is compostable and another 30 percent is recyclable—meaning up to 80 percent could potentially bypass landfills altogether.[1] The government estimates that covering the remaining disposal areas will cost approximately 200 billion Indonesian rupiah, or $12 million.[1] The landfill has faced serious safety challenges, including a catastrophic collapse in March 2024 following heavy rains that killed seven people.[1]