中国嫦娥六号任务采集的月球样本揭示了太阳风在月球近侧和远侧产生截然不同影响的原因。[1]地球磁层是造成这一差异的主要因素，它显著减缓了到达月球近侧的太阳风粒子速度，从约400公里/秒降至约200公里/秒。[1]这种速度差异导致近侧的太阳风粒子无法深入土壤，而远侧受到未减速太阳风的直接轰击，粒子穿透更深。[1]
嫦娥六号从月球南极艾特肯盆地采集了1.935克月壤样本。[1]远侧样本的平均20Ne/22Ne比值为11.34 ± 0.22，明显低于近侧样本。[1]这些发现已发表在《自然地球科学》期刊上，由中科院地质地球物理研究所张旭航博士后主导。[1]研究人员估计，在嫦娥五号着陆点，总太阳风暴露的约25%涉及被减速的太阳风流。[1]而嫦娥六号着陆点所在的远侧并未显示接收相同保护效应的证据。[1]
Analysis of lunar samples collected by China's Chang'e-6 mission has demonstrated that Earth's magnetic field plays a critical role in shielding the Moon's near side from solar wind, creating a stark contrast in how the solar wind interacts with the two hemispheres.[1] Researchers found that the magnetic field significantly slows down solar wind particles before they reach the lunar near side, reducing their velocity from approximately 400 kilometers per second to about 200 kilometers per second, which prevents these particles from penetrating deeply into the soil.[1] In contrast, the far side of the Moon receives undecelerated solar wind particles that strike with full force and penetrate much deeper into the lunar surface.[1]
The Chang'e-6 mission collected 1.935 grams of lunar regolith from the South Pole-Aitken Basin, enabling scientists to measure rare gas isotope ratios that reveal the intensity of solar wind exposure.[1] Samples from the far side showed an average 20Ne/22Ne ratio of 11.34 ± 0.22, noticeably lower than samples from the near side, reflecting the difference in solar wind bombardment intensity.[1] Researchers estimated that approximately 25 percent of the solar wind exposure at the Chang'e-5 landing site involves these decelerated flows, while Chang'e-6's far side location showed no evidence of receiving the same protective effect.[1] The findings were published in Nature Earth Science on July 21, 2026, and were led by postdoctoral researcher Zhang Xuhang from the Institute of Geology and Geophysics at the Chinese Academy of Sciences.[1]