法国和西班牙正在应对欧洲严重的野火灾害。法国当局已从吉伦特和朗德地区疏散超过14万人[1][3][4]，其中波尔多郊外的Cap Ferret半岛有6万人被紧急撤离[2][4]。西班牙随后宣布全国紧急状态，这是该国历史上首次因野火而宣布此类紧急状态[2]，已有约6万人被疏散或隔离[1][3]。两国共计超过20万人被迫离开家园[3]。
火灾规模空前，破坏面积触目惊心。法国西部已烧毁超过2.2万公顷土地[3]，其中吉伦特省超过1.4万公顷[4]。法国今年迄今已有5万公顷被焚毁，是去年同期的近四倍[1]。西班牙瓜达拉哈拉省的最大活跃火灾已摧毁3.2万公顷[3]，马德里地区约4万人面临疏散或行动限制[2]。该地区领导人伊莎贝尔·迪亚斯·艾尤索称之为"该地区历史上最严重的野火"[1]。灾害已造成生命损失，包括法国2名消防员和意大利西西里1名消防员遇难[3]。
两国已激活国际援助机制应对危机。法国总统马克龙表示已激活欧盟民事保护机制，将获得来自克罗地亚、葡萄牙、捷克和斯洛伐克的飞机和直升机支援[1]。欧盟已向法国派遣3架消防飞机，向西班牙派遣4架[3]。西班牙已部署超2000人和10架飞机参与灭火[2]，法国在受灾地区部署约1000名消防员[4]。西班牙总理佩德罗·桑切斯在社交媒体上表示"我们正经历戏剧性局面，不仅在多个西班牙地区，也在邻近国家"[2]。气象数据显示该地区预计气温将达39摄氏度[3]，下周吉伦特省可能再度遭遇40摄氏度高温[4]。
France and Spain are battling unprecedented wildfires that have displaced more than 200,000 people across the two nations.[1][3] In France, authorities evacuated thousands from suburbs surrounding Bordeaux on Saturday, with more than 141,000 people fleeing from the Gironde and Landes regions.[1] In the Gironde province alone, 40,000 people were evacuated, while the Landes province saw 23,000 people displaced.[2] The Cap Ferret peninsula, a popular coastal destination, saw over 60,000 residents evacuated as approximately 100 square kilometers of land burned.[2]
The scale of destruction has been extraordinary. In the Gironde region, over 19,000 hectares of forest have been destroyed,[1] while France's burned area has reached 22,000 hectares this year—nearly four times the total from the same period in 2025.[3] France's interior minister Laurent Nunez described the Saumos fire as the largest blaze of the season in France, and characterized the Cap Ferret fire as a "large self-sustaining fire that is extremely difficult to control" and moving eastward toward Bordeaux.[3] Wind gusts have reached 80 kilometers per hour, hampering firefighting efforts.[4]
Spain has activated its national emergency state for the first time due to wildfires, signaling the severity of the crisis.[1][2] Over 63,000 people have been evacuated or confined in Spain,[1] with approximately 40,000 evacuated or restricted in the Madrid region alone.[2] In the Guadalajara province, the largest active fire has destroyed 32,000 hectares.[3] Madrid's emergency management official Carlos Novillo stated the fires had reached a "critical moment" and were "beyond firefighters' control,"[2] while regional leader Isabel Díaz Ayuso called them "the most serious wildfires in the region's history."[1]
Both nations have activated the European Union's Civil Protection Mechanism to request international assistance.[1] President Emmanuel Macron announced that aircraft and helicopters from Croatia, Portugal, the Czech Republic, and Slovakia would be deployed.[1] The EU has dispatched three firefighting aircraft to France and four to Spain.[3] Spain has deployed over 2,000 personnel and 10 aircraft to combat the blazes.[2] Three firefighters have died—two in France and one in Sicily, Italy.[3] The U.S. NASA Madrid Deep Space Communications Complex facility was evacuated as a precaution.[3] Temperatures are expected to reach 39 degrees Celsius in the affected regions, with Gironde province potentially facing 40-degree heat again next week.[3][4]