世界卫生组织发布《2026年全球癌症状况报告》，揭露全球癌症防治面临的严峻挑战。[1]当前每年约有2060万例新增癌症病例和近1000万例死亡，每天超过26000人死于癌症。[1]若不采取紧急行动，这一数字将急剧攀升，预计到2050年年癌症病例将升至近3500万例。[1]癌症已成为全球第二大死亡原因，仅次于心血管疾病。[1]
报告指出全球癌症防治存在深刻且扩大的不平等现象。[1]在诊疗水平方面，高收入国家乳腺癌患者的5年生存率达87%，而低收入国家仅约42%。[1]药物获取差异更为悬殊，低收入国家前20种优先癌症药物的可用率仅为9%-54%，远低于高收入国家的68%-94%。[1]此外，少于三分之一的国家在全民卫生覆盖范畴内纳入癌症护理。[1]癌症患者的生活负担沉重，至少45%经历经济困难，超过50%报告心理健康问题。[1]
从全球负担分布看，亚洲占全球癌症病例的50.7%和死亡的56.5%，而欧洲占全球病例的21%、死亡的20%，仅占全球人口的9%。[1]近40%癌症病例与可预防的风险因素相关，自2010年以来全球烟草使用下降了27%。[1]在政策层面，82%的国家现已制定国家癌症防控计划，相比2010年的50%有显著提升。[1]世卫组织呼吁各国采取以人为中心的综合防控措施，应对癌症挑战。[1]
The World Health Organization has released the 2026 Global Cancer Status Report, sounding an urgent alarm about the trajectory of cancer worldwide.[1] Currently, approximately 20.6 million new cancer cases are diagnosed annually, accompanied by nearly 10 million deaths, with more than 26,000 people dying from cancer each day.[1] Without immediate intervention, the annual number of new cancer cases is projected to reach nearly 35 million by 2050.[1] Cancer remains the second leading cause of death globally, surpassed only by cardiovascular disease.[1]
The report reveals stark and widening inequalities across cancer prevention, diagnosis, treatment, and care.[1] In high-income countries, the five-year survival rate for breast cancer reaches 87 percent, while in low-income countries it stands at approximately 42 percent.[1] Fewer than one-third of countries have integrated cancer care into their universal health coverage frameworks.[1] The availability of the top 20 priority cancer medications ranges from just 9 to 54 percent in low-income countries, compared to 68 to 94 percent in high-income countries.[1] Beyond medical barriers, at least 45 percent of cancer patients experience financial hardship, and more than half report mental health challenges.[1]
Geographically, Asia accounts for 50.7 percent of global cancer cases and 56.5 percent of deaths, while Europe represents 21 percent of cases and 20 percent of deaths despite comprising only 9 percent of the world's population.[1] Approximately 40 percent of cancer cases are linked to preventable risk factors, though tobacco use has declined by 27 percent since 2010.[1] The WHO notes progress in policy responses, with 82 percent of countries now maintaining a national cancer control plan, up from 50 percent in 2010.[1] The organization calls for comprehensive, people-centered approaches to cancer prevention and control across all nations.[1]