德累斯顿-罗森多夫亥姆霍兹中心的研究人员开发出两种新技术，用于破坏被称为"永久化学品"的全氟和多氟烷基物质（PFAS）[1]。第一种方法利用流体动力空化产生极端高温和活性分子，在测试中降解了约37%的溶解PFOS分子，研究人员的目标是将降解率提升至80%以上，并矿化50%以上的结合氟[1]。第二种方法结合冷等离子体技术和气体分散，将PFAS拉至表面并进行破坏，几乎完全降解了长链和短链PFAS，释放了约35%的原始结合氟原子，但这种方法的能耗相对更高[1]。
PFAS是超过10,000种短链和长链工业化学品的统称[1]。该研究得到亥姆霍兹协会冲动与网络基金以及欧盟和萨克森州的共同资助[1]。
Researchers at the Dresden-Rossendorf Helmholtz Center have developed two innovative techniques capable of breaking down PFAS, commonly known as "forever chemicals."[1] The first approach harnesses hydrodynamic cavitation to generate extreme temperatures and reactive molecules, while the second combines cold plasma technology with gas dispersion to draw PFAS to the surface and decompose them.[1]
In experimental trials, the hydrodynamic cavitation method degraded approximately 37% of dissolved PFOS molecules, with researchers targeting a degradation rate exceeding 80% and mineralization of over 50% of bound fluorine.[1] The cold plasma approach demonstrated nearly complete degradation of both long-chain and short-chain PFAS compounds, releasing roughly 35% of the original bound fluorine atoms, though this method requires significantly higher energy consumption.[1] These breakthroughs address the challenge posed by PFAS—a class comprising over 10,000 short-chain and long-chain industrial chemicals—which persist indefinitely in the environment and pose threats to water supplies.[1] The research, supported by funding from the Helmholtz Association's Impulse and Networking Fund as well as resources from the European Union and the state of Saxony, contributes to Germany's National Water Strategy aimed at protecting water resources and safeguarding drinking water supplies.[1]