法国和西班牙正经历严重的野火灾害，两国已启动紧急应对措施。法国下令全面疏散大西洋沿岸的卡普费雷半岛，约40,000人已被或正在被撤离 [1][2][3]，其中数百人通过海路乘船逃离 [3]。西班牙政府宣布全国紧急状态，马德里地区超过10,000人被撤离 [1][3][4]。
法国西南部吉伦特省的火灾形势严峻。根据火灾规模的不同报道，最大的野火已烧毁超过10,000公顷 [1][2]，另有报道称自周三以来已烧毁87平方公里 [4]。自年初以来，法国共有超过50,000公顷土地被烧毁 [1]。法国内政部长Laurent Nuñez描述火灾为"强烈且高度不可预测" [2]，法国总统Emmanuel Macron表示局势"非常紧张" [3]。火灾造成80户住宅被烧毁，其中约50户完全被摧毁 [3]，两名消防员在周二扑灭波尔多机场附近大火时丧生 [3]。另外比斯卡罗斯地区一场周四下午开始的大火促成超过23,000人撤离 [3]。
西班牙的野火同样严重。今年该国已烧毁1,300平方公里土地，是2025年上半年烧毁面积的四倍多 [4]。根据另一份数据，自年初至今已有114,796.42公顷土地被烧毁 [1]。最近发生的瓜达拉哈拉火灾烧毁320平方公里，是西班牙第二大火灾 [4]。本月南西班牙一场火灾造成13人死亡 [4]。西班牙首相Pedro Sánchez表示"我们正经历一场戏剧性的局面，不仅在西班牙多个地区，也在邻国" [1][4]。伯格翁多镇市长弗朗西斯科·马丁内斯表示："在我60年的人生中，我从未在我的村庄看到过这样的情况，从未见过这么大规模的火灾" [4]。西班牙部分地区气温预计达39摄氏度，东南部阿尔梅里亚最高44摄氏度 [4]。
两国已激活欧盟民防机制寻求国际救援。法国获得克罗地亚、葡萄牙、捷克和斯洛伐克派遣的消防飞机和直升机支援 [3][4]，欧盟部署3架水轰炸机支援法国 [1]。西班牙则通过欧盟民防机制请求4架消防飞机 [1]。
今年西班牙记录的大型森林火灾数为29场，对比过去十年平均值为9场 [1]，这些野火由持续的热浪引发。
Sweeping wildfires across southwestern France and central Spain have triggered unprecedented evacuation efforts, with tens of thousands of residents and tourists fleeing their homes amid record-breaking heat.
In France, authorities have ordered the complete evacuation of the Cap Ferret peninsula on the Atlantic coast, with approximately 40,000 people evacuated or in the process of being evacuated [1][2][3]. The largest wildfire in the Gironde region has destroyed over 10,000 hectares (24,700 acres) [1][2][3]. Rescue operations have included both land and sea evacuations, with hundreds of people fleeing by boat from four designated docks between 6 a.m. and 9 a.m. local time [3]. France's Interior Minister Laurent Nuñez characterized the fire as "intense and highly unpredictable" [2]. Two firefighters were killed while battling a major blaze near Bordeaux airport on Tuesday [3]. In total, France has seen more than 50,000 hectares burned so far this year [1].
President Emmanuel Macron described the situation as "very tense" and activated the European Union's civil protection mechanism, requesting support from Croatia, Portugal, Czechia, and Slovakia to provide firefighting aircraft and helicopters [3][4]. The EU has deployed three water-bombing aircraft to assist France [1].
Spain's government declared a national state of emergency on Friday as wildfires near Madrid have forced over 10,000 people to evacuate [3][4]. Spain has requested four firefighting planes through the EU's civil protection mechanism [1]. Prime Minister Pedro Sánchez stated that the country is experiencing "a dramatic situation, not only in multiple regions of Spain but also in neighboring countries" [3][4]. This year, Spain has burned 1,300 square kilometers (500 square miles) of land, more than four times the area burned in the first half of 2025 [4]. A recent wildfire in Guadalajara destroyed 320 square kilometers (120 square miles), making it Spain's second-largest fire on record [4]. In southern Spain this month, a separate fire claimed 13 lives [4].
Temperatures across Spain are expected to reach 39 degrees Celsius (102 degrees Fahrenheit) in some areas, with southeastern Almería forecasted to reach 44 degrees Celsius (111 degrees Fahrenheit) [4]. The Gironde fire, which began Tuesday in Saumos, has destroyed 80 homes, approximately 50 of them completely [3]. Another major fire in the Biscaros region, which started Thursday afternoon, has prompted the evacuation of more than 23,000 people [3].
Francisco Martínez, mayor of Bergüendo, reflected on the unprecedented scale of the disaster, stating: "In my 60 years of life, I have never seen anything like this in my village, never seen a fire of such magnitude" [4]. Spain's 2026 record includes 29 major forest fires compared to an average of 9 over the previous decade [1].